Respiratory

 

Examination findings

I examined a 70yr old lady. She is dyspnoic and uses accessory muscles for respiration. There’s no nasal flaring. Her respiratory rate is 24 per minute. Trachea is deviated to the right but there’s no mediastinal shift. Her chest expansion and vocal fremitus are reduced on left side. Percussion note is stony dull in left middle and lower zones. Vocal resonance and breath sounds are also reduced on left side. Vesicular breathing is present without added sounds. My clinical diagnosis is Pleural effusion of left hemithorax.